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Did he or did he not? – History and Reality – A Moment in Time

Published August 22, 2018 | By CDoart

 

After a long time, I am back to do a post here on this website. The reason for that is a special day today, the 22nd of August 2018:

 

www.glitter-graphics.com

Happy Birthday, Richard Armitage!

 

 

Servetus has a thoughtful and wonderfully insightful blog for the birthday celebrations here.

 

 

The other event that is returning today for the 533rd time is the Battle of Bosworth, where King Richard III died and which is the reason for Richard Armitage’s first name.

 

After the death of King Richard III, history and myth was not kind to the king.

That especially is a fact that grips me, as right now I have quite some of my acquaintances who – because of illness or age – are penning down their legacy and making notes how they want to be remembered after their deaths. That is not only a look and planning into an uncertain future, anticipating what might happen, but also demands a review of the life they lead, what they did, and from all their planning and working, to pin the fluidity of life down to what really worked out.

 

King Richard III never had a chance to do such a planning and at least we do not know about the review he would give his own life. Others determined, what we remember of the king and his deeds.

 

A main crime always pinned on the king, was the murder of his two young nephews, the known ‘Princes in the Tower’.

 

The main researcher for finding King Richard III, Dr. John Ashdown-Hill, before his own death finished a research into this topic, which just recently was published posthumously and I got a chance to read already.

 

I mention this book here, because its unique research does not only go into the facts, as much as we know about them, but also shows the development of ‘opinion’ and ‘myth’ around the ‘event’, if it indeed was one. The rich detail and meticulous research we are used to in the work of Dr. Ashdown-Hill, fascinates with giving a clear structure to all the rumours and suspicions, circling around King Richard III and also follows their historical progression. That in itself is a recommendable feat, if Dr. Ashdown-Hill was not already remembered in our ‘KRA-Hall of Fame’ as the historical researcher who made the finding of King Richard III possible.

 

Dr. John Ashdown-Hill: “The Mythology of the Princes in the Tower, Amberley Publishing, 2018
www.amberley-books.com
ISBN 978 1 4456 7941 9 (hardback)
ISBN 978 1 4456 7942 6 (ebook)

 

 

I have recognised that for the U.S. the publishing date is set as November 1st, 2018. In the U.K. and other regions, the book is already available. It also will come out as e-book, so please check in your region. (Embedded links here are only given for your convenience.)

 

 

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KRA Week 2013-1: The Beginning – Quiz-Prize & Historical Literature – Author Isolde Martyn

Published August 21, 2013 | By CDoart

 
KRA-Week 2013 - Banner 2
 

 

♛ KRA Week 2013 ♛

 
The KRA Week 2013 begins…
 
Gratiana Lovelace already spread the word about KRA week. Have a look at her wonderful image of King Richard III Armitage !
 
We will have daily posts on the KingRichardArmitage website and a variety of posts will appear on participating blogs.
Our posts will vary from fan-appreciation to a wide selection of interviews here on KRA.
 
Participants of the Quiz throughout the week (till 27 August 2013, till midnight [GMT]) will participate in the drawing and can win one of our two print versions of “The Devil in Ermine” by Isolde Martyn. (More details here.)
 
We will keep you updated on this central page of the event, where all links and posts are collected:
 
King Richard Week 2013
 
We hope you will enjoy the event and the wonderful knowledge shared by our interview partners
and wish you a good and enjoyable time with lots of Mr. Armitage-celebration and information about and around King Richard III.
 
Best wishes,
CDoart
 
 

♛ Quiz ♛

 
KRA Quiz 2013

 
Procedure:
Simultaneously to this post, the quiz is opened up and the quiz questions become available.
As those who participated in the congenial quiz by quizmaster Servetus last year already will know, we request of you to enter your name and e-mail address to participate.
This is to ascertain that we can select a winner for the quiz, but also to avoid spam and double entries.
 
As we want to make the quiz fun for all participants, we have some security measures in place, so that you can enjoy the participation. This also necessitates a few security questions, but we tried to keep them at a minimum.
Your mail and data will not be shared, but is only used to execute this quiz.
 

Please note:
Quiz entries till the 27th of August, 2013 till midnight (GMT) take part in the drawing
and among the most complete and correct answers the two winners will be selected by random number.

 
 
We have two print-book give-aways about a very central aspect and turning point of King Richard III’s life.
We hope the lucky winners will enjoy this insightful historical novel by Isolde Martyn.
 
More about this book and its author here:
 
 

♛ The Devil in Ermine – Isolde Martyn ♛

 
Author Isolde Martyn
with her extensive knowledge about King Richard III and his life, has supported us here on the KingRichardArmitage website already with a presentation (interview 26.08.2011) of the Australian research group
The Plantagenet Society of Australia.
and also gave us an interview (14.03.2013) about her book about Jane Shore, mistress to King Edward IV, “Mistress to the Crown”.

In this interview presentation in March, I had already announced Isolde Martyn’s new book “The Devil in Ermine” coming out soon and reviewed my pre-version a bit:

I am currently reading Ms Martyn’s book “The Devil in Ermine“, which will come out shortly (Yes, I have a pre-version ;o)
And I can tell you, I can’t recommend it highly enough. I am in total awe of this well researched and gripping depiction of the decisive year 1483 in King Richard III’s life seen and told from the perspective of his cousin, the Duke of Buckingham.
The revolt by Buckingham, the reasons, the background are so well told that I really feel for the characters described in the book and see all the motives so well coming together and building the story. The book really has gripped me.
(I will let you know as soon as the book becomes available. – I know I am cruel here, stoking your curiosity, while I am already reading it ;o)

I am really happy to be able to have this wonderful book as our prize of this year’s quiz.
I hope the quiz winners will enjoy it as much as I did.
 
Isolde Martyn’s insightful and well researched interpretation of the upheaval and intrigues of the year 1483, the year King Richard III came to power and is betrayed by the Duke of Buckingham, is gripping like a crime novel.
To my surprise, I must admit, as I am normally hesitant with historical fiction, but rather read historical research. But Isolde Martyn’s fictionalisation is so very fact based and for me was such a psychologically understandable version of the events, that all the intrigues and motivations of the historical figures acting so wildly during the year 1483 finally came together and made sense to me.
So to all who want to get a clearer understanding to why King Richard III changed so much at the beginning of his reign and could not become the benevolent and magnificent king he could have been and would have had the ability to become, I recommend this highly fascinating revelations.
 

 
Take your chance and take part in the quiz to win one of our two print-editions of “The Devil in Ermine” here.
 
 

♛ Battle of the Cities ♛

 

 
 

♛ King Richard III ♛

 

 
 

 

Petition Signatures
We once again accumulated such a high number of unconfirmed signatures (over 200).
As those signers might have overlooked the first confirmation mail, we send out new confirmation mails today.
Thank you !

 
KRA-Week 2013 - Banner 2
 

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4 More Days …

Published August 15, 2013 | By CDoart

 

… till our celebrations and commemoration week begins …

 

King Richard Armitage Week 2013

 

is coming up fast!

 

21st – 28th of August, 2013

 
KRA-Week 2013-02
 
The page for the event is already created and available, though content there will be added from 21st of August, 2013, the beginning of the event, onwards.
Safe the date, take part in the upcoming quiz during the event week and enjoy fan-tastic history with us.
 
 

A few days more to live …

 
Not only happy memories are connected with the 22nd of August, though surely a certain Birthday lets the fandom of Richard Armitage celebrate this day. (You can leave your Birthday Wishes at specially destined places in the fandom. Thankfully Servetus created a special list of the options, to help you find the place of your choice.)
 
What makes this time in August especially significant to me is the fact that King Richard III’s remains were found on the estimated day his remains were buried by the Franciscan friars in their church in Leicester. So maybe the king has a certain sense for anniversaries and their special significance.
 
In this sense, let’s celebrate and commemorate his life, the life of a wonderful actor and the sensational find, bringing all strings magically together – in Leicester.
 
Commemoration and Re-Enactment of the Battle of Bosworth
begins already before the actual event
on Saturday, 17th of August 2013 !
For more information, please visit the Bosworth Battlefield website about this year’s:
Anniversary Re-Enactment of the Battle of Bosworth (17./18.08.2013)
 
 

♛ King Richard III ♛

 

  • Liverpool Daily Post: I can’t accept Richard III sounds like a pantomime country bumpkin with a terrible nose cold, by Laura Davis (08.08.2013) – I am not alone with my reservations. Though my doubts are more along the lines of the well nourished head replica, while King Richard III in sources is mentioned as rather slim and ascetic looking, which the portraits – unfortunately no exact one survived from his lifetime – would confirm.

    •  

  • The Framework Blog: August Is Hot: Proud Moment, by Violet (12.08.2013) – Violet discovered
    sensational news
    about the film project and the developed script by Philippa Langley. The name “Blood Royal” for the script is revealed on her publisher’s website: Macmillan, where her next book “The King’s Grave” is due to be published in October 2013. Read more about Violet’s discoveries here!

    “Blood Royal” reminds me quite a lot about the genealogy of the Plantagenet.
    Here e.g. The Clarence Volume: “The Plantagenet Roll of Blood Royal […]” by the Marquis of Ruvigny and Raineval.
    The Preface might especially be interesting for someone researching European Royalty.

    •  

  • Royal Central: The Defence of Richard III Part 3 – To Kill A King, by Matt Lewis (12.08.2013) – See also the previous parts in this series of defence by Matt Lewis: part 1 and part 2

    •  

  • Science 2.0 (Blog): Battle Of Bosworth – The Last Stand Of Richard III Located (14.08.2013) – Interesting article, though the result and statement “Richard III. Popular among no one in England” may be arguable – as it certainly does not pay off for a king to champion those who cannot write and bring their voices to paper for later generations to hear, against someone who willingly manipulates the story told by paying for his own version and destroying the rest.

    •  

  • White Rose: Sincere and Simple Thoughts (Blog): King Richard Armitage Week 2013 Coming Soon, by Fabolaktuko (14.08.2013) – Please note the name of the blog. Fabolaktuko will join next week’s KRA-event !

    •  

  • ThisIsNottingham.co.uk: Scientists work to reveal secrets of King Richard III, by Bryan Henesey (14.08.2013) – Scientists are trying to find out more about the life King Richard III lead, what he ate, what illnesses he had, where he lived and traveled, …
    Results of the research by Prof. Jane Evans and Dr. Angela Lamb are expected for the end of 2013!

    •  

  • FirstThings.com (Blog): Perry Dane on Richard III (14.08.2013) – Comment to the original article we mentioned in last week’s news updates about the rite for King Richard III‘s burial ceremony by Mark Movsesian.

 

♛ Richard III – Events ♛

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King Richard Week 2013

Published August 1, 2013 | By CDoart

 
KRA-Week 2013-02
 

 

♕ KRA Week 2013 – Quiz ♕

 
 

KRA Quiz 2013

(Go to the Quiz-questions here.)

 

( Quiz-Solutions )

 
 
Please note:
Quiz entries till the 27th of August, 2013 till midnight (GMT) take part in the drawing
and among the most complete and correct answers the two winners of the books by Isolde Martyn (more details here) will be selected by random number.
 
Procedure:
As those who participated in the congenial quiz by quizmaster Servetus last year already will know, we request of you to enter your name and e-mail address to participate.
This is to ascertain that we can select a winner for the quiz, but also to avoid spam and double entries.
 
As we want to make the quiz fun for all participants, we have some security measures in place, so that you can enjoy the participation. This also necessitates a few security questions, but we tried to keep them at a minimum.
Your mail and data will not be shared, but is only used to execute this quiz.
 
 

♕ KRA Week 2013 – Posts ♕

 

 
 

♕ Contributors of KRA Week 2013 ♕

 
(The links to the individual article of the event week will be added as soon as they become available !)
 
Alexandra Bourdin (La Bouteille à la Mer)

 
Fabo Laktuko (White Rose: Sincere and Simple Thoughts)

 
Fernanda Matias
Birthday-dream about King Richard III and Richard Armitage:

Birthday Wishes for Richard Armitage (Source: © Fernanda Matias, shared on Facebook)

(Source: © Fernanda Matias, shared on Facebook)


 
Fitzg (on the KingRichardArmitage website)

 
Gratiana Lovelace (Something About Love)

(Source: © Gratiana Lovelace)

(Source: © Gratiana Lovelace)


 
Judiang (Confessions of a Watcher)

 
Maria Grazia (Fly High!)

 
Michelle Jimenez-Porras (MyDebonairAffair)
A birthday portrait for ‘our’ king.

King Richard III © Michelle Jimenez-Porras

(Source: © Michelle Jimenez-Porras – at Deviantart.com)

King Richard III - Details of portrait by Michaelle Jimenez-Porras

(Source: © Michelle Jimenez-Porras – at Deviantart.com)


 
 
 
Phylly3 (Phylly’s Faves)

 
Tanni Tani – (Tanni Fanart)
– has a present fit for a king –


 
Traxy (The Squeee)

 
CDoart – (CDoart: Richard Armitage – History – Spooks)
– Don’t take her posts about our king too seriously ;o) –

 
 
 
 

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What Fans do for Richard Armitage & King Richard III

Published March 12, 2013 | By CDoart

KingRichardArmitage - FanstRAvaganza 4 Banner
 
 

♛ Spy- & Fan-Supply ♛

 
 
If the news does not flow in as expected, fans tend to fill in the blanks.
 
But this creation here bursts all descriptions and is a brilliant summing up of deep research about fandom, fan expectations, the actor Richard Armitage and a very accurate evaluation of the mechanisms and motives of the film industry.
 
So now, I don’t want to hold you back much longer and send you directly to this brilliant article by well known blogger Servetus from Me+Richard:
 
 

Part 1: Armitage nepotist

 

Part 2: Armitage nepotist: The afternoon transcript

 
 
Readers, be warned. Fan-technology is not up to it right now, but may be soon? ;o)
 
 

 
 
KingRichardArmitage - FanstRAvaganza 4 Banner

– RIII-articles from the year 2012 – complete list of the year 2011 –

 

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King Richard Armitage and Fan News

Published February 6, 2013 | By CDoart

 
 
A big THANK YOU to Philippa Langley for keeping her believes and continuing so straightforward on her way to find and honour King Richard III.
I hope this find will motivate researchers of all scientific subjects and also especially historians, to now have a closer and more extended look at the material, in cooperation of disciplines, with now available new technologies, in a digital and globally connected world where worldwide archives become more and more easily available.
 

♛ King Richard & His Fans ♛

 
Before I start with selected fan- and King Richard-news, I must ask for a bit of patience.
KRA was so overwhelmed with comments, requests and messages that currently we are still sorting through all the mails. We try to get up to date as fast as possible, but it might still take a few days, till all requests and mails can be answered. So please stay with us, we will answer every mail and contact form request sent in.
We very much cherish your feedback and offers of help and thank you very much for getting in contact with us !
 
 
Now to King Richard and his Fans:
 

 
 

 
 
BBC Radio Leicester announced that Philippa Langley will join them for a live interview this week, Thursday, 07.02.2013, after 3 p.m.
 
 
On Monday, 04.02.2013, there had been an open Q&A session with Prof. Lin Foxhall and Philippa Langley about the researches in Leicester. The Q&As still are open to see here:
Channel4 – Q&A with Prof. Lin Foxhall and Philippa Langley
 
I unfortunately did not get my questions answered and so, for completion’s sake, post them here:
 
 

  • Is this find with all its media attention able to change the public opinion about King Richard III and if not, what would eventually be able to create a new public opinion about King Richard III?

    •  

  • Why did the friars not move King Richard III’s body, when they built the sarcophagus paid by Henry VII’s?

    •  

  • What will this find now mean for the Richard III Society? (Especially because Ms Philippa Langley mentioned that they were in discussions with the Leicester City Council to give the society archive into the care of the intended Richard III Museum in Leicester.)

    •  
     
    I had hoped for much more details about the King in the documentary by Channel4, but the documentary showed, that the film team had not really believed to find King Richard III and so had swapped the deeper research into the topic.
     
    A big THANK YOU to Philippa Langley for not letting anything deter her from her way to find King Richard III.
     
     

    ♛ King Richard III ♛

     

     
     

    ♛ Battle of the Cities ♛

     

     
    As those two articles show, the Battle of the Cities did not come to an end with the official declaration of Leicester Cathedral as last burial place for King Richard III, confirmed by the Ministry of Justice.
    Our poll about the cities gets attention once again.
     
    We want to mention, as also comments flood in about this topic here on divers places, that the KingRichardArmitage website is neutral in this question.
    Many supporters of King Richard III take the position that his written instruction to hold sermons for him and his family in York Minster reveal his wish to be buried there. This is one of the possible interpretation of his actions, while the burial places of his wife and son might contradict this interpretation to some extent.
     
    We will report about news regarding this topic, but won’t take sides.
    We welcome ‘non-discriminating’ discussions and comments on our poll page, especially created for this topic, but also need to state that personal attacks will be deleted or withheld from being published, here and on our related Facebook site Richard III for Richard Armitage!
     
     

    Thank you for all your support and help !

     
     
    If you miss interesting articles here, please let us know. We continue to build the Press Coverage pages
    and will specially create an area about the researches and research results around King Richard III.
     
     

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    News About King Richard III / Armitage

    Published February 4, 2013 | By CDoart

     

    ♛ King Richard Armitage ♛

     
    Mr. Armitage had intended to join in on the BBC Radio Leicester Show shortly after 5 p.m. on Sunday 3rd of February, 2013, but could not make it, as his flight was delayed.
     
    So here the recording of his apology, sent to BBC Leicester via mail, kindly shared by Servetus:
     
     

     
     
    In further parts of the show, Philippa Langley and David Baldwin were interviewed about King Richard III. (The interview with Philippa Langley is an excerpt of the radio report mentioned in our news of 30.12.2012 with BBC Radio Leicester. The replay will become available on BBC iPlayer in the next days.)
     
     

    ♛ King Richard III ♛

     
    Is he or is he not…?
    That is the main question today.
     
    But of whom are we talking about?
     
    The University of Leicester released a first picture of the skull of the male skeleton found in Leicester:
     

    Skull - Richard III (Source: University of Leicester)

    Skull – Richard III (Source: University of Leicester)


     
    Dr Appleby said:

    The skull was in good condition, although fragile, and was able to give us detailed information about this individual. It has been CT scanned at high resolution in order to allow us to investigate interesting features in as much detail as possible.
    In order to determine whether this individual is Richard III we have built up a biological profile of its characteristics. We have also carefully examined the skeleton for traces of a violent death.

     
     
    Now is he or is he not…?
     
    We will have to wait a bit further, till 10 a.m. today, the time of the Press conference held by the University of Leicester, to finally reveal the truth about their find last September 2012 and the subsequent research.
     
     

     

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    Christmas Shopping for a Good Cause

    Published December 6, 2012 | By CDoart

     
    Christmas is coming fast and this year, actor Richard Armitage with his current film project “The Hobbit”, for which he travels Canada and the U.S.A. right now, really helps us with Christmas gifts for our loved one’s.
     
    As Zazzle allows commission fees, the idea grew to use the fandom and fan-influence for a good cause.
    RichardArmitageNet.com earns fees for charities from sales through Amazon and
    CDoart set up an account, to collect fees from sales through Zazzle, which the KingRichardArmitage website joins and recommends to participate, to make an impact through our collective charitable efforts.
     
    Zazzle has a special “The Hobbit” shop, but on all products available on Zazzle and in all international Zazzle Shops, commission fees will be earned when using the given entry links.
    The income will be given to the recommended charities by Richard Armitage at Just Giving.
     

     
    Help us by joining our charitable efforts. Thank you !
    (Image and link to Zazzle is also newly embedded in the right sidebar.)
     
     
    Zazzle has quite a global representation and the links to selected local stores (with the affiliation code to generate the income for charities) are listed here:
     
    Zazzle U.S.A. and worldwide
    United Kingdom
    Germany
    Canada
    Spain
    France
    Australia
    New Zealand
     
    More country links at:
    Zazzle International
     
    Individual Shops:
    The Hobbit
    Lord of the Rings
    CDoart
     
     

    ♥ Richard Armitage Gift Bomb ♥

     
    To create an impact of fandom, is also the effort of a new initiative among Richard Armitage fans, the Richard Armitage Gift Bombing of his charities, to show the enjoyment and support of his fans:
    Initiated by Servetus and taken up by Judiang and established with a logo by Gratiana Lovelace, it already is a collective fan initiative:
     

    (Please mention “gift bomb” in your message [German fans may think of creative alternatives, to show the connection to the collective fan-enjoyment/appreciation initiative.])
     

     
     

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    Is Shakespeare Altering His View of “R-3” ?

    Published October 16, 2012 | By CDoart

     

    Today:

     
     

    ♛ R-3 Play ♛

     
    For a long time, Shakespeare’s “Richard III” has dominated the perception of King Richard III.
    Now, with modern research, we have more details about the king and can get closer to the true story. Soon the results of the mtDNA research are expected, but what does this all mean about how we see the king?
     
     
    A new play by Caroline Devlin, “R-3”, is about Shakespeare’s play, but heavily influenced by the research by historian Dr. John Ashdown-Hill, who had a major influence on the research, location as well as on finding the reference person for the mtDNA comparison, Mr. Michael Ibsen.
     
    The play asks the fundamental question about King Richard III:
    Hunchback or Hero?
     

    R-3

     

    created by
    Caroline Devlin and Timothy Allsop
    (Centre Five Productions)
    Running from
    17 October – 3 November 2012
    at St. Saviour’s Church, London
    (Eton Road, NW3 4SQ,
    2 min walk from Chalk Farm Tube)
     
    Further information & reservation:
    www.centrefiveproductions.co.uk

     
    R-3 Play by Caroline Devlin
    R-3 Play by Caroline Devlin-back
     
     

    ♛ Leicester News ♛

     

     
     

    ♛ Collective Reading ♛

     
     
    Servetus has the leading questions to the chapters 6 – 10 of “The Sunne in Splendour” by Sharon Kay Penman and a poll for you:
    Are you ready for the Richard III rumble? Week 2!
     
    Servetus’ background information and new questions to chapter 11 – 15: Richard III / The Sunne in Splendour group read rumbles on! Week 3
     
    Chapters 16 – 20 are on the reading list for this week and will be discussed next Sunday, October 21st, 2012.
     
     

    Important Links for the read:

     

  • Twitter-Chat-Group: Twitter discussion under hashtag #RA4R3
  • Facebook-Group: Institute of Armitage Studies
  • Schedule on Blog: Distracted in Reality by Fanny/iz4blue

    •  

  • Chapter Index (with links to weekly articles by Servetus)
  • List of Persons
  • King Richard III Chronology

    • (Under development)
     
     
    If you want to join in and still need a copy of the book, please consider to make your purchase via the link at RichardArmitageNet.com, where reference fees will go to the charities selected by Mr. Armitage. Thank you!
     

    Amazon.co.uk – Amazon.com Print & Kindle edition
     
    Reference fees gained through links at the KRA website also go to the RA-charities.
     

    Posted in , , , | Tagged , , | 2 Comments

    Chapter-Index

    Published October 15, 2012 | By CDoart

     
    This short overview of the content of each chapter of the book “The Sunne in Splendour” by Sharon Kay Penman is not intended to replace the reading of the book, but to give a short reminder of the structure of the book.
     
    It especially is intended as a help for those of you, who read the book earlier on and do not read along the current Collective Reading, to join in on the discussions with the hashtag #RA4R3 on Twitter each Sunday.
     

    Chp. Year Location Description

    I. Edward
    I.1 1459 Ludlow Childhood moment of Richard III with two oldest brothers Edward IV and Edmund, Earl of Rutland.
    I.2 1459 Ludlow Ransacking of Ludlow by Lancastrian troops under Henry Beaufort, Duke of Somerset.
    I.3 1460 Sandal Castle, Yorkshire Richard, Duke of York (father) and Edmund, Earl of Rutland (second oldest brother), die in the Battle of Wakefield, December 31st.
    I.4 1461 London Cecily Neville (mother), sends her sons George and Richard by ship to safety to Burgundy. Edward IV (oldest brother) comes to London with troops.
    I.5 1461 York Marguerite d’Anjou awaiting news from the Battle of Towton. Edward IV taking over York after the won battle.
    Servetus: Information and questions to chapter 1 – 5
    I.6 1462 Durham Battle against Henry Beaufort, Earl of Somerset – Pardon by Edward IV
    I.7 1464 Middleham Castle, Yorkshire First meeting between Richard III and Francis Lovell.
    I.8 1464 Middleham Castle October: Francis Lovell begins Diary entries about Marriage between King Edward IV’s and Elizabeth Woodville.
    I.9 1467 London June: Talk about Elizabeth Woodville. Richard, Earl of Warwick returns from a journey to Louis, King of France and meets Edward IV’s.
    I.10 1469 Olney August: George (brother), Duke of Clarence, marries Isabel Neville, daughter of the Earl of Warwick, in Calais and defies King Edward IV’s wishes. Rebellion against King Edward forms among former Yorkists, lead by the Earl of Warwick and his brother, the Duke of Clarence, and their troops are victorious in the Battle of Edgecote and King Edward IV is taken prisoner.
    Servetus: Information and questions to chapter 6 – 10
    I.11 1469 Warwick Castle August: Arranging an agreement between the Earl of Warwick, George, the Duke of Clarence and King Edward IV.
    I.12 1469 Middleham August: King Edward IV meets the family of the Earl of Warwick at Middleham. The Earl of Warwick needs King EdwardIV’s help to suppress a Lancastrian revolt.
    October: King Edward IV outmanoevers the Earl of Warwick, though still imprisoned. Lord Hastings and Richard III arrive at Middleham with troops to accompany King Edward IV back to London.
    Richard III is made Lord Constable of England (highest military rank in England).
    I.13 1469 Westminster December: King Edward IV pardons the Earl of Warwick, in disagreement with his wife Elizabeth Woodville.
    I.14 1470 Coventry April: Richard III meets with John Neville, the former Earl of Northumberland and new Marquess of Montagu, and his actions insult Thomas, Lord Stanley in front of assembled courtiers.
    The conflict with the Earl of Warwick breaks out anew and he has to flee England and after being declined in Calais, is welcomed by the King of France.
    I.15 1470 York August: Richard III, confronted with the intrigues in France, admits his still existent love for Anne Neville, dauther of the Earl of Warwick.
    Servetus: Information and questions to chapter 11 – 15
    I.16 1470 Doncaster September: Edward IV learns that John Neville now supports his brother, the Earl of Warwick (in league with the French King and Margaret d’Ajou). Edward IV and Richard III flee to Burgundy.
    I.17 1470 London October: The forces of the Earl of Warwick (supported by the French King) enter London, to put King Henry IV back on the throne.
    I.18 1470 Westminster November: Queen Elizabeth Woodville, in sanctuary in the Benedictine Abbey at Westminster, bears a son and heir to King Edward IV, the later Edward V.
    I.19 1470 Amboise, France December: Preparations for the marriage between Anne Neville (fiancé and future wife of Richard III) to Henry VI’s son Edward and the development of Isabelle’s marriage with George, Duke of Clarence.
    I.20 1470 Bruges, Burgundy December: Edward IV and Richard III in exile in Bruges (Burgundy), searching support from Charles “the Bold” of Burgundy.
    Servetus: Information and questions to chapter 16 – 20
    I.21 1471 Aire, Burgundy January: Reports about Charles “the Bold” of Burgundy and his position towards supporting King Edward IV, by Philippe de Commines and his (third) wife, Margaret of York, King Edward IV’s sister.
    I.22 1471 London March: Reactions to Edward IV’s landing in Ravenspurn (Yorkshire).
    I.23 1471 York March: York ponders and finally allows King Edward IV to enter town, after promising to take an oath of loyalty to King Henry VI.
    I.24 1471 Coventry March: King Edward IV confronts the Lancastrian forces at Coventry, commanded by the Earl of Warwick.
    I.25 1471 London April: Edward IV returns to London to put King Henry VI back in the Tower of London.
    Servetus: Information and questions to chapter 21 – 25
    I.26 1471 London April: (Easter time) Richard III is reunited with his friend Francis Lovell and in the political re-establishment of Edward IV as King of England, Richard is chosen to get military command against the Lancastrian forces under the Earl of Warwick.
    I.27 1471 Barnet Heath April: The Lancastrian forces under the Earl of Warwick and John Neville form and the Battle of Barnet begins, though the Yorkis forces are strongly outnumbered. Still they can sneak up on the opposing army and kill the Lancastrian military leaders.
    I.28 1471 Cerne Abbey April: The Lancastrian side re-forms at the Abbey, consisting of Marguerite d’Anjou, her son, Edward of Lancaster, and his wife Anne Neville (later Queen Anne to King Richard III).
    I.29 1471 Cerne Abbey April: Anne Neville’s sister Isobel intends to go back to her ‘traitor’ husband, King Edward IV’s brother George of Clarence, who has switched positions back to his brother’s side.
    I.30 1471 Windsor Castle April: Preparations for a battle between the Lancastrians and Yorkists, where on the Yorkist side, future conflict between Richard III and George of Clarence, the future guardian of Anne Neville can be anticipated.
    Servetus: Information and questions to chapter 26 – 30
    I.31 1471 Tewkesbury May: King Edward IV is chasing the Lancastrian forces, which reunite with their Tudor allies under Jasper Tudor, half-brother to the former King Henry VI and uncle to the later Tudor King Henry VII.
    I.32 1471 Tewkesbury May: Forceful and desasterous Battle of Tewkesbury during a late snow storm, with many losses on both sides.
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